Canine Units


Canine units have long been used by U.S. police in a variety of capacities.  The use of canines has been controversial in some instances, and police leaders have moved to implement policies and procedures for their use to reduce injuries to suspects.  Among the components of those procedures include the proper level of command approval, a clear canine announcement policy, the recording, tracking, and review of bite-ratios, and the appropriate placement of canine usage on the force continuum.  Improper use of canine units has resulted in unnecessary injuries, costly lawsuits, and in federal intervention by the U.S. Department of Justice as a focus of “pattern or practice” inquiries and settlements.   



Publications

Los Angeles County Special Counsel’s monitoring of the Sheriff’s Department has included a focus on the use of canine units.  As such, several of the Special Counsel’s reports include findings and recommendations on this topic:
First Semiannual Report (October 1993) 
Second Semiannual Report (April 1994)
Third Semiannual Report (December 1994)
Fourth Semiannual Report (June 1995) 
Fifth Semiannual Report (February 1996)
Sixth Semiannual Report (September 1996) 
Ninth Semiannual Report (June 1998)
Eleventh Semiannual Report (October 1999)
Twelfth Semiannual Report (June 2000)
Fifteenth Semiannual Report (July 2002) 
Eighteenth Semiannual Report (August 2004) 

Consent Decree Between the United States Department of Justice and Prince George’s County, Maryland and The Prince George’s County Police Department (January 22, 2004).  This consent decree is focused on the Prince George’s County Police Department’s canine section.
http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/split/documents/pgpd/pg_consent_decree.pdf

International Association of Chiefs of Police, “Law Enforcement Canine Model Policy” and “Law Enforcement Canines Concept and Issues Paper.”
http://www.theiacp.org/pubinfo/PolCtr.htm

Memorandum of Agreement Between the United States Department of Justice and the District of Columbia and the District of Columbia Metropolitan Police Department (June 13, 2001).  This memorandum of agreement focuses on the Metropolitan Police Department’s use of canines, among other areas.
http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/split/documents/dcmoa.htm

U.S. Department of Justice, “Principles for Promoting Police Integrity:  Examples of Promising Police Practices and Policies,” January 2001.  http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojp/186189.pdf


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